瑞典专利SE1351111A1 Method for purifying drilling fluids in rock sampling drilling and a cleaning device

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专利摘要:
To recover drilling fluid used in sample drilling at a drilling machine, when the drilling fluid exits the drill hole, and to transport it to a separate cleaning unit wherein solid matter is separated from the drilling fluid. The cleaned drilling fluid is returned to the drilling machine and reused in sample drilling. The cleaning unit has an inlet connection and two or more precipitation basins, where the solid matter accumulates on the bottom of the basin. In the bottom part of at least one precipitation basin there is a valve arrangement for removing drilling fluid sludge containing solid matter from the precipitation basin, which drilling fluid sludge is filtered with a filter arrangement. In the top part of the precipitation basin there is a transfer connection between precipitation basins or an outlet connection for taking cleaned drilling fluid out from the cleaning unit back to the drilling process.
公开号:SE1351111A1
申请号:SE1351111
申请日:2012-03-30
公开日:2013-11-14
发明作者:Tapani Niskakangas
申请人:Kati Ab Kalajoki Oy；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

15 20 25 30 the drilling fluid flow. In sampling drilling, on the other hand, soil and rock material is taken from the ground and bedrock with a pipe-like blade only from a fairly small, circular area. Thus, a drill core contains soil or rock material from each drilling depth remaining inside the blade and drill pipe, which drill core is lifted into parts of a suitable length from the borehole and sorted for subsequent examinations.
In the sampling bore, a cylindrical hollow diamond blade is placed at the end of a bore tube which is rotated and pressed with a suitable force against the rock. The force required to rotate and push the blade and the drill pipe is provided by a drilling machine, which contains both a rotating unit and a power means for providing power supply. Inside the drilling pipe above the blade unit there is a separate core pipe, which adheres to rock samples and by means of which rock samples can be lifted out of the hole by means of a device called a pick-up and a winch. The drill core is lifted with the special technique described above from the test drilling field, which uses a core pipe, a pick-up and a winch. Deep rock drilling is not possible without drilling fluid. Water obtained from nature near the drilling site is usually used as drilling fluid, or it is taken to the site in a tank or a corresponding container. In some cases, any liquid other than water can be used as drilling fluid.
Without drilling fluid, the tip of the diamond blade overheats and wears quickly. On the other hand, when lubricated and cooled by drilling fluid, the diamond blade lasts a very long time if used correctly. The drilling fluid also lubricates the rotation of the long drill pipe inside the rock and removes rock material that is ground from the rock, i.e. rock clay, from the blade and finally out of the borehole. Quite a bit of rock clay is formed in the case of test drilling, because the amount of rock material that is ground away from the rock is much smaller than in other fields of ground drilling. Most of the rock material in the borehole remains in the rock material core that is formed as a product. Chemicals can be added to the drilling water if necessary, which further facilitates the drilling process and prolongs the life of the blade, which is known in the art as such.
The drilling fluid that lubricates the drilling process is, with current technology, normally taken from a lake, ditch or other natural water source located near the drilling site. If necessary, water collected in a previously drilled hole can also be used. The drilling fluid is fed with a suitable pressure inside the drilling pipe down along the pipe, all the way to the blade that rotates inside the rock.
Through the drilling blade, the drilling fluid lubricates the drilling process, cools the cutting disc and removes rock material generated during drilling, i.e. drilling mud. Then the drilling fluid and the rock clay it contains flow back upwards outside the wall of the drilling pipe. The liquid and drilling mud it contains flows upwards between the drilling pipe and the wall of the hole drilled in the rock, pushed by the liquid supply pressure prevailing behind it.
At the same time, the fluid also lubricates the rotation of the drill pipe in the hole formed in the rock. If the rock contains a lot of cracks or is porous, some drilling fluid is absorbed in cracks and pores in the rock. This is illustrated in ﬁ gur4.
When the drilling fluid passes through the borehole that is drilled in the rock and arrives at the soil layer between the rock and the ground surface, it travels inside the protective pipe that is depressed in the soil layer, the so-called drain pipe, upwards to the ground surface. With the help of the protective pipe, excessive absorption of liquid in the soil material between the ground surface and the rock is avoided. The protective pipe extends slightly above the ground surface, and its end is located below or inside the drill. This is shown in Figure 3.
With current technology, the drilling fluid rising from the protective pipe and any chemicals it contains and the solid material, which are stone, earth, metal particles separated from drilling equipment and other fine solid particles, flow from the opening of the protective pipe under the drill and further into it. surrounding terrain.
When the drilling fluid rises from the ground, it is clearly warm even in winter.
The drilling fluid that rises from the protective pipe and flows from the bottom of the machine to the terrain can sometimes cause a muddy area that causes contamination of machines, clothing and equipment and which impedes the crew's mobility, and also freezes the drilling fluid in winter, which poses occupational safety risks. In winter, drilling can be done on the ice on a lake or on a frozen swamp, where the ice or the frozen surface of the swamp supports the drilling machine. The flow of drilling fluid in the area around the machine melts the ice 10 15 20 25 30 or frozen swamp that supports the machine and can cause the machine to sink, which is also a major occupational safety risk.
Since the initial drilling fluid is usually taken from a natural water source, it must be heated in sub-zero weather immediately after it is taken from the water source, for which a lot of energy is used. If the drilling fluid is not heated, there is a risk of drilling fluid lines freezing, at least in very low temperatures and with long water pipes. When a drilling fluid line freezes, drilling is stopped immediately.
In some cases, chemicals must be added to the drilling fluid, which chemicals assist the drilling process. After use, the liquid with chemicals flows back into the environment, whereby in addition to a lot of additional substances being used continuously, chemicals added to the liquid also end up in the environment. Although these chemicals with current knowledge are not to be regarded as environmentally hazardous, the applicant company has drawn attention to the matter due to a high level of environmental awareness.
Patent publication US2008 / 121589 describes a liquid cleaning device for cleaning drilling fluid so that the liquid can be used again in the drilling. This has several successive sludge basins, between which there are dust walls, which become lower in successive sludge basins. These dam walls are arranged so that the turbulence in the pools is minimized. Such an arrangement, however, makes the removal of fine material from the drilling fluid difficult, and in sampling drilling, the solid material in the drilling fluid is mostly fine.
Patent publication EP 0047347 describes a closed drilling fluid circulation system. However, the drilling described in said reference publication is related to drilling after coal deposits made in coal mines, which drilling takes place only underground and substantially in the horizontal direction. The purpose is to drill a hole, which is a few hundred meters long, into a coal deposit, the purpose of the hole being to remove methane gas in a controlled manner from a future mining area. Thus, coal mining made later in the vicinity of the hole becomes safer. The technique described here contains a complicated drilling fluid processing device, which device essentially enables the separation of explosive methane gas from the liquid and the safe removal thereof. The device described is based on a very complicated technique, where several sedimentation basins are arranged in enclosed and gas-tight spaces, optimal limits for gas and liquid, which in different basins are at different levels, a screw conveyor used to remove stone material and separation are used to remove finer stone material and various pumps, systems used to separate liquid, gas and rock material are used.
Patent publication WO 99/15758 discusses the use of a closed drilling fluid circulation system. Here, drilling occurs only in sea areas, for example in connection with oil drilling. The described technique comprises a very complicated cleaning system located on the bottom of the sea, which system only performs removal of coarse rock material. The purpose of this is that the wear of pumps and other technology can be reduced and the reliability of the technology improved in sea conditions.
Patent publication US 5928519 describes the use of a closed drilling fluid circulation system in connection with underbalanced drilling (UBD) in oil and gas drilling. UBD drilling differs from normal oil drilling in that there is no overpressure in the drilling fluid in the borehole and the pipe system, but a negative pressure is arranged in the drilling pipe system by means of suction from the outlet side of the drilling fluid. This provides clear advantages in some cases, such as the fact that the risk of contamination of the oil deposit is reduced and the risk of the drill pipe getting stuck in the hole is reduced. Two different closed pressure vessels are needed for the circulation of drilling fluid, both of which contain complicated technology. One container has a higher pressure and the other a lower pressure.
Patent publication US 5454957 describes the use of a closed drilling fluid circulation system in connection with oil drilling, where diesel, clay / drilling mud and fine particles are separated from the drilling fluid. An arrangement for closed circulation systems is presented here, where very complicated technology is used, including agitators, activated sludge tanks, soil and rock clay washing machines, clay dryers, intermediate storage tanks for sludge, centrifuge / slung separators, liquid traps, liquid processing devices, diesel separators and transporters. The methods described for the recovery of drilling fluid require very complicated devices, the movement of which from one place to another is practically impossible.
Generally in sampling drilling, the amount of drilling fluid used and the amount of fine solid material formed during drilling is significantly less than with other rock drilling methods. Thus, a reason for recycling the drilling fluid has traditionally not been considered to exist. Thus, methods of cleaning drilling fluid for recovery in other drilling methods are also quite difficult to apply to sampling drilling.
An object of the invention is a solution with which the disadvantages and inconveniences associated with the prior art can be considerably reduced. The objects of the invention are achieved with a method and a cleaning unit, which are characterized by what is stated in the independent claims. Some advantageous embodiments of the invention are presented in the dependent claims.
The main idea of the invention is to recover the drilling fluid used in sampling drilling with a drilling machine, when the drilling fluid leaves the borehole, and to transport it to a separate cleaning unit.
The cleaning unit has two or more sludge basins, where solid particles are separated from the drilling fluid. The cleaned drilling fluid is returned to the drilling machine and reused in the sampling well.
The method according to the invention for cleaning drilling fluid in rock sampling drilling comprises the use of a drilling machine which has a hollow drilling pipe, a cylindrical blade unit at the drilling end of the drilling pipe, a protective pipe surrounding the part of drilling pipe which is close to the ground surface. spaces between the drill pipe and the protective pipe, and in the process the drilling fluid is fed into the drilling pipe which drilling fluid lubricates the drilling process and the drilling fluid flows between the drilling pipe and the wall of the borehole towards the opening of the borehole, simultaneously transporting powder-like solid material. The method further has the step of recovering drilling fluid coming from between the protective pipe and the drilling pipe in the drilling machine and containing solid material with an arrangement in the drilling machine, the recovered drilling fluid being directed to a cleaning unit, which cleaning unit has at least two sludge basins material is separated from the drilling fluid and the drilling fluid cleaned in the cleaning unit is directed to the drilling machine and fed into the drilling pipe. Of the sludge basins, at least two are in series, i.e. the liquid to be cleaned passes in order from one basin to the next. Uncleaned drilling fluid is fed into the first sludge basin and cleaned drilling fluid is removed from the last sludge basin. Between sludge basins there is a transfer connection, which has an inlet end and an outlet end. The intake end takes liquid from the sludge basin and the discharge end discharges liquid into the next sludge basin.
The discharge ends of the transmission connections are closer to the bottom of the basins than the intake ends.
In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, drilling fluid sludge containing solid material which accumulates at the bottom of the sludge basin is removed from the basin. The drilling fluid sludge contains solid material to a much higher degree than the cleaned drilling fluid. In a second embodiment of the method according to the invention, drilling fluid sludge which accumulates at the bottom of the sludge basin and contains the solid material to some sludge basin is filtered and returned.
In a third embodiment of the method according to the invention, the drilling fluid in the cleaning unit is fed into the first sludge basin through a nozzle, which nozzle has a neck part and a curved flange part, and the curved flange part is arranged so that the liquid flow substantially follows the flange part and solid material contained in the liquid. removed from the flow.
In a fourth embodiment of the process according to the invention, an added ion-charged polymer mixture, ferrous sulphate, ferrous vitriol or any other chemical in the drilling fluid, which assists in the separation of solids from liquid, is used in cleaning the drilling fluid to strengthen the process.
In a fifth embodiment of the method according to the invention, if necessary, new drilling fluid is added to the drilling fluid circulation.
In a sixth embodiment of the method according to the invention, substances or chemicals which assist the drilling process are added to the drilling fluid before the drilling fluid is returned to the drilling pipe. In an embodiment of the method according to the invention, the cleaning unit is placed in one or more containers or other movable structures. The walls of the structure are thermally insulated, and a heating device can be installed therein.
The drilling fluid cleaning unit in sampling drilling in accordance with the invention has a connection for feeding uncleaned drilling fluid into the cleaning unit, at least two mud basins, where solid material contained in the drilling fluid is arranged to collect at the bottom of the basin, where it forms drilling fluid sludge, and lower part of the at least one sludge basin there is a valve arranged to remove said drilling fluid sludge containing solid particles from the sludge basin, and between the sludge basins there is a transfer connection for moving drilling fluid between sludge basins and in the last sludge basin there is an outlet connection in series the drilling fluid from the cleaning unit. Transmission connections have an inlet end and an outlet end and the outlet ends of the transfer connections are closer to the bottom of the sludge basins than the inlet end. The cleaning unit is placed in one or more containers or equivalent structure intended to be moved.
In an embodiment of the cleaning unit according to the invention, the drilling fluid sludge which is released through the valve arrangement and contains solid material is arranged to travel through a filter arrangement to separate the solid material.
In a second embodiment of the cleaning unit according to the invention, the filter arrangement can be detached for replacement or cleaning or it can be cleaned in place. In a third embodiment of the cleaning unit according to the invention, there is a point in the bottom of the sludge basin which is lower than the rest of the bottom, in which the drilling fluid sludge is arranged to accumulate.
The valve device is placed at this point. In a fourth embodiment of the cleaning unit according to the invention, separated drilling fluid from the drilling fluid sludge with the filter arrangement is arranged to be transported back to the sludge basin.
In a fifth embodiment of the cleaning unit according to the invention there is a lower basin below the sludge basin or sludge basins, in which lower basin the drilling fluid is separated from the drilling fluid sludge by the filter arrangement or filter arrangements are arranged to be collected and from which lower basin there is a transfer device for to move drilling fluid to the sludge basin.
In a sixth embodiment of the cleaning unit according to the invention, the uncleaned drilling fluid fed into the first sludge basin is arranged to be fed through a nozzle (611), which nozzle has a neck part and a curved flange part, and wherein the curved flange part is arranged so that the liquid flow essentially follows the flange portion and solid material present in the liquid is removed from the flow.
In a seventh embodiment of the cleaning unit according to the invention, the outlet ends of transfer connections between the sludge basins are closer to the bottom of the basin than the inlet ends and the outlet ends are shaped to guide the drilling fluid substantially towards the bottom of the sludge basin.
In an eighth embodiment of the cleaning unit according to the invention, an ion-charged polymer mixture, ferrous sulphate, ferrous vitriol or any other chemical which assists in the separation of solids from the liquid is arranged to be added to the drilling fluid. In a ninth embodiment of the cleaning unit according to the invention, it has a device for feeding substances which assist the drilling process into the drilling fluid before the drilling fluid is returned to the drilling process.
An advantage of the invention is that with its help, occupational safety risks can be reduced during test drilling. The risk of slipping is reduced, as only very little water, if any at all, flows under the drill. The drilling water causes a risk of slipping, except in winter when it freezes, even in summer, especially if slippery drilling-improving chemicals are used in the liquid.
It also helps the drill to move in the environment. Without recycling of the drilling fluid, many water flows in the terrain around the drilling machine, and the roads around the machine inevitably quickly become muddy. This poses occupational safety risks when movement becomes more difficult, especially when the crew has to carry equipment needed for drilling, such as drill pipes and rock samples, when moving around the machine. When drilling fluid recovery, these problems are reduced as the area around the machine remains dry. The contamination of the crew's clothes and the internal parts of the machine is thus also avoided.
A further advantage of the invention is that energy is saved by means of it. With traditional technology, the drilling water must be heated continuously in winter, to avoid freezing of liquid pipes. When using initial fluid taken from a ditch or lake using traditional technology, a lot of energy must be used to heat the fluid. Correspondingly, with the traditional method, the very hot drilling water is poured back from the ground after use and the heat energy it contains is lost. In winter, the heat from drilling fluid that rises from the ground during recycling can be utilized, saving a significant amount of energy.
The invention further intensifies sampling drilling, as it reduces the risk of freezing of the drilling fluid lines in winter. With the traditional drilling technique, it must be stopped immediately when the drilling fluid lines freeze or when the water supply is interrupted, until the water is obtained again for the process. When using the invention, even if the line for the initial relocation of the water freezes, the crew would have plenty of time to repair the lines without having to interrupt drilling due to the large amount of liquid in circulation. If drilling is interrupted for any reason, the initial drilling fluid with traditional technology must still be allowed to continuously circulate in vain to prevent freezing and the fluid must flow unused to waste. In some cases, all intermediate liquid stores must also be emptied in vain due to the risk of freezing.
Since the drilling fluid rising from the ground in winter is very hot, this heat can be used in the case of the invention, whereby also interruptions in the drilling due to other reasons can be quite long, without there being a risk of the fluid freezing.
An advantage of the invention is also that it saves water or other used drilling fluid. In some places it can be difficult to find drilling water or the water must be led to the drilling site far away. According to the invention, the same drilling fluid always circulates in the borehole, and it must be added only, for example, to compensate for the evaporation and fluid absorbed in the fractured rock or in the ground at the boundary of the protective pipe.
An advantage of the invention is still that the chemicals used do not flow out into the environment in an uncontrolled manner. Chemicals, which facilitate the drilling operation, must in certain situations be added to the drilling fluid. According to traditional technology, these chemicals flow continuously into the environment. Although these chemicals, according to current knowledge, are not harmful to the environment, it is better that substances are not released into the environment that does not belong there. When using the invention, significantly less of these chemicals are also needed compared to traditional technology. When the same drilling fluid is recovered, chemicals do not need to be used in the same amount as normal. When using initial water, a lot of chemicals that facilitate drilling must be added, when on the other hand the water is in circulation in accordance with the invention, which has already been treated with chemicals and already contains the necessary chemicals.
An advantage of the invention is also that with its help, a large part of the rock clay is extracted from the borehole. At present, this mass has no practical use, but once it has begun to be collected in accordance with the invention, it can eventually be used, for example, as a workplace-specific stone clay test. In addition, at some test sites, the drilling permit requires that one clean up after oneself, which the invention significantly facilitates.
In the following, the invention will be described in detail. In the description reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows as an example a drilling machine, Figure 2 shows as an example a cross section of a device according to the invention for collecting drilling fluid, Figure 3 shows as an example a drilling pipe and a protective pipe Figure 4 shows as an example a drilling pipe, Figure 5 shows as an example a device according to the invention, Figure 6 shows as an example the inner structure of a cleaning unit according to the invention, Figure 7 shows as an example a longitudinal cross section of a cleaning unit according to the invention, Figure 8a shows as an example a nozzle used in an embodiment of the invention, Figure 8b shows the liquid and solid material flows caused by the nozzle in Fig. 8a and Figure 9 shows as an example an arrangement according to the invention for collection of drilling fluid.
Figure 1 shows as an example a drill 100 for test drilling.
The drilling machine has a drilling pipe 101 and a drilling unit 102, with which the movement required for the drilling is produced. The drill has a frame, which supports the structures of the drill. The frame has devices with which the angle of the drill pipe and at the same time the angle of the drill heel are adjusted. In the case according to the figure, the drilling machine is on the ground surface 103, but it can be placed, for example, on a raft or in a mine. In test drilling, the purpose is usually to obtain rock samples from the bedrock. The rock 105 is usually covered by a soil layer 104. The drilling machine has a device with which drilling fluid is fed into the drilling pipe. Points B, C and D are marked in the figure, which points are presented in more detail in Figures 4, 3 and 2.
Figure 2 shows an arrangement according to the invention for collecting drilling fluid as a cross section. The arrangement has a drilling pipe 101, a protective pipe 201, a collecting collar 202 and a collecting basin 203. The drilling pipe is hollow, and the drilling unit rotates it. The protective pipe 13 is located around the drilling pipe so that it extends substantially through the soil layer and its end towards the drilling machine is above the ground surface.
The drilling fluid returning from the wellbore, which rises from a gap between the protective pipe and the drill pipe, is collected with a collecting collar located around the end of the protective pipe and led to the collecting basin. The collecting basin is attached either to the machine or with a fastening device to the protective pipe. The collecting basin is formed and positioned so that the position of the bore can be moved at least in the commonly used drilling angles, i.e. at an angle of 30 to 90 ° relative to the horizontal plane, and that the drilling fluid coming from the protective pipe ends up in the collection based independently of the position of the drill.
The movement interface between the protective pipe and the collecting basin can, if necessary, be tightened, for example, with a clamping device made of tarpaulin or a flexible rubber, which allows the necessary range of movement for the drill and directs the drilling fluid coming from the protective pipe at least almost completely to the collecting basin.
From the collection basin, the drilling fluid and the solid material it contains, such as soil and rock clay and any drilling additives, are directed into a cleaning unit, which can be moved in the terrain.
Figure 9 shows a second example of a device in accordance with the invention for collecting drilling fluid in a drilling machine. The device has a protective pipe 903, a collecting collar 904 and a collecting basin 905. The collecting collar has a hole 901 for the drilling pipe.
The water coming from the protective pipe is collected with the collecting collar and directed to the collecting basin. The collecting basin has a pipe 902, with which the uncleaned drilling fluid is removed from the collecting basin and guided by means of certain devices into the cleaning unit.
Figure 3 illustrates the location of the protective tube 201 in the test bore. The drilling pipe 101 has been used to drill a sampling hole in the ground surface 103 through the soil layer 104 in the rock 105. In the case according to the figure, the protective pipe extends through the soil layer a bit into the rock. 10 15 20 25 30 14 The drilling fluid that rises between the wall of the borehole and the drilling pipe mostly passes between the protective pipe and the drilling pipe and continues to rise.
Figure 4 shows the drilling end of the drilling pipe 101 inside the rock 105.
At the end of the drilling tube is a cylindrical blade portion 401 which, as it rotates, drills a rock drill core 402 from the rock. Inside the drilling pipe is a core pipe 403, inside which the rock sample core is located. With the core pipe, the test drill core can be lifted up to the ground surface and stored. The drilling fluid reaches the blade portion between the core pipe and the inner wall of the drilling pipe. Unlike other drilling techniques, only a small amount of rock clay accumulates in the drilling fluid in the sampling well, as the blade used in drilling grinds away only a small part of the area of the borehole. Most of the rock material remains in the rock cores generated as a product of the well. traditionally lifted up according to known technology with a core pipe from the borehole.
Figure 5 shows a device according to the invention for cleaning and reusing drilling fluid in test drilling, which device has a drilling machine 100 and a cleaning unit 501 for cleaning the drilling fluid.
The drilling machine is used to drill a borehole for sampling from the bedrock. The drilling machine has a drilling tube 101 and a collection basin 203 which collects drilling fluid coming from the borehole during drilling. From the collection basin, the drilling fluid is led with a pipe 502 for untreated drilling water to the cleaning unit. If necessary, pressure is provided in the pipe with a pump 503. Since the drilling fluid does not contain such a large amount of solid matter, it is very liquid, a pump is not in any case necessary to transfer drilling fluid from the collection basin to the cleaning unit. If the drilling machine is higher in the terrain than the cleaning unit, the drilling fluid can be allowed to flow in a sufficiently large pipe by means of gravity. If necessary, a suitable pump is still used to ensure the transfer of the liquid.
The cleaning unit 501 may be of a suitable structure, such as a container, a trolley or a vehicle, inside which the device needed for cleaning is placed. This container, trolley or vehicle or other structure can, on the other hand, be placed in the terrain in the vicinity of the drilling machine 100, and when the drilling site is moved it can be moved together with the drilling machine either by means of another vehicle or by its own motive power. . The cleaning unit has means by which its position can be adjusted as desired, even if the ground surface on which it stands is uneven.
The cleaning unit contains either only a device needed for cleaning fluid or also a device used for mixing chemicals needed in the drilling process in the drilling fluid.
Since the apparatus needed to mix chemicals is not used at each drilling site, it may be advantageous to place a device for mixing chemicals in its own separate moving container, trolley or car. Whether the device for mixing chemicals is placed in the same space or in a different space than the device for cleaning drilling fluid, they are arranged so that they can be used either simultaneously at the same time or each of them separately. From the cleaning unit, the cleaned drilling fluid is fed to the drilling machine with a pipe 504 for cleaned drilling fluid. At the drilling machine, the cleaned drilling fluid is fed back into the drilling pipe.
Although the drilling fluid circulating in the drilling process remains hot during the drilling operation even in winter due to geothermal heat in the borehole and the friction caused by the rotation of the drilling blade and pipes, there is a risk during the winter that the drilling fluid freezes, usually in situations where drilling is stopped for a long time . Therefore, the drilling fluid cleaning system is placed in a structure, the walls of which are thermally insulated, if used in winter conditions. Sufficient heating is also arranged inside the structure, so that liquids and units it contains do not freeze in minus-degree weather if drilling is interrupted.
Figure 6 shows the internal structure of a cleaning device according to the invention. The cleaning device according to the example has four sludge basins: a first sludge basin 604, a second sludge basin 605, a third sludge basin 606 and a fourth sludge basin 607 and a lower basin 608 below them. There are at least two pools. The drilling fluid to be cleaned is guided into the first sludge basin with a nozzle 601.
Between the sludge basins there are gas connections 610. For separating the cleaned drilling fluid from the cleaning unit there is an outlet connection 10 15 20 25 30 16 611. At the bottom of each sludge basin there is a valve arrangement which can be used to discharge drilling fluid sludge which accumulates on the bottom of the sludge. the basins from the sludge basin. A filter arrangement 609 for the drilling fluid sludge is attached to the valve arrangement. An evacuation pipe 602 for the lower basin is connected to the lower basin, which evacuation pipe has a pump 603.
The sludge basins in the cleaning device are shaped so that the solid material present in the liquid is separated from the liquid and sinks to the bottom of the sludge basin and forms drilling fluid sludge. The cleaned drilling fluid is introduced into the first mud basin 604 through a nozzle 601. This may be, for example, a Coanda type nozzle, with which the liquid part and the solid parts of the drilling fluid are set in motion in different directions. The solid material is directed so that it ends up at the bottom of the first sludge basin. From the first sludge basin, the drilling fluid moves with a transfer connection 610 to the second sludge basin 605. The transfer connection is positioned so that the drilling fluid is removed from the upper part of the sludge basin. If necessary, several successive sludge basins can be used, whereby the liquid is moved to a new sludge basin, where the same process takes place again. When several sludge basins are used in succession, drilling mud and solids accumulate mainly in the first sludge basin, and thereafter the drilling fluid may still be somewhat turbid. The amount of solids in the drilling fluid decreases and the drilling fluid is purified as it advances from one mud pool to another. Mud basins are placed in the cleaning unit in such a number that the drilling fluid in the last mud basin is sufficiently clean so that it can be used again when drilling. In the example according to the figure, the sludge basins are placed in succession, but their position may also be different. They can be next to each other, in sequence or in several rows.
If necessary, a small amount of a polymer solution with a suitable ion-electric charge, ferrous sulphate or ferrous vitriol, which is usually used in connection with, for example, wastewater cleaning and drying of sludge, can be added to drilling fluid in certain sludge basins, which substances when mixed with water cause so-called coagulation and / or flocculation, i.e. an electrochemical reaction, in which solids in the water bind together as larger particles, which assist the separation of solid particles from the water and flow to the bottom of the sludge basin as a drilling fluid sludge.
Under the sludge basins, a detachable mechanical filter arrangement 609 is placed based on e.g. filter cloth, by means of which most of the solid material present in the drilling fluid sludge removed from the bottom of the basin is separated therefrom. Most of the drilling fluid sludge passes the filter arrangement. Solid material remaining in the filter arrangement can be removed by disconnecting the filter arrangement. The filter arrangement can either be of a disposable type or one that can be emptied of solid material, washed and reused. The mass of moist solid material obtained by means of the filter arrangement can, if necessary, be stored either in the filter itself or for example in a separate vessel, such as a plastic bottle, if the solid material in the future, for example, has a workplace-specific purpose in connection with sampling.
The drilling fluid separated from the drilling fluid sludge by the filter arrangement 609 is poured into the lower basin 608, from where it is sometimes transferred back to some sludge basin via the evacuation line 602 of the lower basin. In the example of the figure, the pipe has a pump 603 and leads to the first sludge basin 604. If the filter arrangement can be cleaned and reused, the filter cloth of the filter arrangement can be washed after the filter arrangement has been emptied, for example with water in either the lower basin or the sludge basin.
Once the drilling fluid has been adequately cleaned in sludge basins, chemicals assisting the drilling are added, if necessary, to a chemical mixer containing at least two consecutive basins.
In the first basin, which may be smaller, a necessary amount of a desired chemical is mixed into the drilling fluid, and in the second basin, which may be larger, there is a sufficient intermediate layer for drilling fluid, so that the drilling operation can take place continuously, without disturbances. from any cyclical conditions of the drilling fluid cleaning or the chemical addition process.
The device arranged to add chemicals is placed either in the same space as the cleaning apparatus or, if necessary, in its own separate space, which is transported to the drilling site only when needed. In the example of Figure 6, the third mud pool 606 may function as a chemical mixing pool and the fourth mud pool 607 as an intermediate storage for drilling fluid. When chemicals are added, the pH value of the drilling fluid is also measured, as the dosage of drilling aids can depend on the pH value and some chemicals do not mix with the drilling fluid or work in a desired way, if the pH value is incorrect. The measured pH value of the drilling fluid can be changed as desired by adding chemicals that adjust the pH value in the drilling fluid.
The drilling machine sucks the drilling fluid it needs to drill, for example, either from the last sludge basin of the cleaning unit or from the last intermediate basin of the chemical mixer. Then cleaned and treated drilling fluid is returned to the borehole and it returns after being at the drill blade along the borehole and protective pipe back to the drilling machine, where it flows again to the collection basin to wait for the opening of the protective basin and begins a new treatment cycle. is lost despite circulation, for example due to evaporation of the hot water, absorption in cracked bedrock, loss that occurs at the boundary between the protective pipe and the rock or loss that has occurred in connection with removal of solids from the basin.
This is compensated by a traditional method, by replacing initial fluid from a natural water source or from a previous borehole or a tanker or the like. The new drilling fluid can be added to the drilling process at the drilling machine or the cleaning unit has an arrangement, for example a coupling, which is connected to a certain mud pool, with which the new drilling fluid is added to the circulation of drilling fluid.
Figure 7 shows a longitudinal cross-section of a cleaning unit 501 in accordance with the invention, which has a cleaning device according to Figure 6.
The cleaning appliance is placed inside a frame 704. The frame is robust enough for transport and movement and it has the necessary doors, doors, ventilation openings and the like. The walls of the frame are sufficiently thermally insulated in relation to the operating environment of the cleaning unit.
For example, the walls of a cleaning unit intended for winter use are highly heat insulated, but for a cleaning adapted for mining use, compactness and a small size are more useful. Inside the frame there are also necessary arrangements for the driving force of the cleaning device. These are motors, batteries, wires and the like.
Advantageously, all connections of the cleaning unit, the intake and outlet of drilling fluid, the addition of new drilling fluid, the power lines and the like, can be detached and protected when the cleaning unit is moved. The cleaning unit has adjusting means, such as adjustable legs, with which the position of the cleaning unit can be adjusted. With these adjusting means, the aim is to maintain the designed position regardless of the slope of the terrain or the shape of the ground surface. This position is preferably the horizontal position.
The drilling fluid to be cleaned is brought to the cleaning unit 501 by an inlet pipe 701, which is in contact with the nozzle 601. The nozzle may be a Coanda type nozzle. The inlet pipe has a suitable pressure, so that the liquid flow arrives at the nozzle at the right speed. This pressure can be adjusted, for example, with valves.
The four sludge basins in the cleaning device: the first sludge basin 604, the second sludge basin 605, the third sludge basin 606 and the fourth sludge basin 607, are shaped to have a conical bottom or so that a certain part of the bottom is lower than the rest of the bottom and the mold on the bottoms slopes towards this part. The sludge basins can be open or have lids. Between the sludge basins is a transfer connection 610 for transferring drilling fluid from one sludge runoff area to another. The transfer connection takes the drilling fluid from the upper part of the sludge basin. The inlet opening of the transfer connection determines the upper surface of the liquid in the sludge basin, since the drilling fluid always flows to the next sludge basin, when the liquid surface rises to the inlet opening. Inlet openings of the transfer connection can in different sludge basins be at different heights, the liquid surfaces being at different heights in different sludge basins. In the case shown in the figure, the transfer connection is a pipe, which carries drilling fluid coming from the previous sludge basin towards the bottom of the sludge basin. The outlet end of the pipe is significantly lower than its inlet end in the sludge basin. Since the fluid flow through the transfer connection is rather slow, the solid material present in the drilling fluid has time to sink to the bottom of the sludge basin.
At the bottom of the sludge basins, substantially at its lowest points, there is a valve arrangement 703. This is adjacent to the filter arrangement 609 so that the valve arrangement, if necessary, can be opened and drilling fluid sludge at the bottom of sludge basin containing very solid material can be passed through the filter arrangement . The opening of the valve arrangement can be done manually or automatically. Since solid particles accumulate in different sludge basins at different rates, for example sludge material accumulates faster in the first sludge basin 604 than in the fourth sludge basin 607, the valve arrangement for the sludge basins opens at different times. The filter arrangements can also be different in different sludge basins. The drilling fluid separated from the drilling fluid sludge by the filter arrangement enters the lower basin 608, which may be an open or closed container. From here, the drilling fluid is returned to the filtering pool. The fourth, last, mud basin 607 has an outlet connection 611, which is in communication with an evacuated pipe 702 for cleaned drilling fluid, with which the drilling fluid is returned to the drilling machine.
Figures 8a and 8b show a nozzle 800 using the Coanda phenomenon. It has an inlet part 801, a neck part 803 and a curved flange part. In the Coanda phenomenon, a flow of liquids and gases occurring in the vicinity of a solid surface tends to follow the shape of the solid surface, even if the direction of the surface changes relative to the direction of the flow. When the nozzle is shaped correctly, the direction of the liquid flow can change so fast that the solid particles present in the liquid become detached from the ﬂ and effectively separated from the liquid. The inlet part is connected to the pipe and leads cleaned drilling fluid to the cleaning unit. The neck portion is shaped so that the flow rate of the drilling fluid passing through it can be selected so that Coanda phenomena occur in the curved flange portion, where the drilling fluid begins to follow the surface of the flange portion. Thus, the flow of such drilling fluid undergoes a sudden change in direction based on the Coanda phenomenon, where the solid material present in the drilling fluid effectively detaches from fluid flow immediately as it enters the sludge basin and where the flow rate of the fluid thereafter decreases rapidly. The location of the nozzle is chosen so that the drilling fluid flow directed with the nozzle is close to the level of the liquid surface of the sludge basin and mainly in the direction thereof. Depending on the individual case, the flow of drilling fluid can also be directed slightly obliquely upwards or obliquely downwards in relation to the liquid surface. The direction of the solid particles is essentially towards the bottom of the sludge basin. This is shown in Figure 8b, where the liquid fate follows the curved flange and the solid matter particles are separated from the liquid fate.
The flow that occurs on the liquid surface of the sludge basin is slow immediately after disconnection from the nozzle. The fluid is transferred to a transfer connection located at the other edge of the sludge basin, whereby solid material that may still remain in the drilling fluid has time to sink further and separate from the slow flow that occurs on the upper surface of the fluid in the sludge basin.
Certain advantageous embodiments of the invention have been described above. The invention is not limited to the solutions described above, but the inventive idea can be used in many ways within the scope of the claims.

权利要求:
Claims (18)
[1]
A method of cleaning drilling fluid in rock sampling well, using a drilling machine (100) having a hollow drilling pipe (101), a cylindrical knife unit (401) at the drilling end of the drilling pipe, a protective pipe (201, 903) surrounding the part of the drilling pipe located near the ground surface (103), so that there is empty space between the drilling pipe and the protective pipe, and in the process the drilling fluid is fed into the drilling pipe as drilling fluid, which drilling fluid lubricates the drilling process and the drilling fluid flows between the drilling pipe and the wall simultaneously transporting solid material formed during drilling, characterized in that the process further has steps, where - drilling fluid containing solid material coming from between the protective pipe and the drilling pipe in the drilling machine is recovered by an arrangement in the drilling machine, - the recycled drilling fluid is directed to a cleaning unit ( 501), - the cleaning unit has two or more sludge basins ( 604, 605, 606, 607) in series, where the solid material is separated from the drilling fluid and a transfer connection is located between the sludge basins, which has an inlet end and an outlet end, and the outlet ends of the transfer connections are closer to the bottom of the sludge basins than the inlet fluids and the cleaning unit is controlled to the drilling machine and fed into the drilling pipe.
[2]
A method according to claim 1, characterized in that drilling fluid sludge containing solid material accumulates on the bottom of the sludge basin (604, 605, 606, 607) is removed from the basin.
[3]
Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the drilling fluid sludge removed from the bottom of the sludge basin (604, 605, 606, 607) is filtered and returned to a certain sludge basin. 10 15 20 25 30 23
[4]
Method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the drilling fluid in the cleaning unit is fed into the first sludge basin through a nozzle (611), which nozzle has a neck part (803) and a curved flange part, and wherein the curved the flange part is arranged so that the liquid flow substantially follows the flange part and solid material present in the liquid is separated from the flow.
[5]
A method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that an ion-charged polymer mixture, ferrous sulphate, ferrous vitriol or any other chemical added to the drilling fluid, which assists in the separation of solids from the fluid, is used in cleaning the drilling fluid to stimulate the process.
[6]
Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that new drilling fluid is added, when necessary, to the circulation of drilling fluid.
[7]
Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that substances or chemicals which assist in the drilling process are added to the drilling fluid before the drilling fluid is returned to the drilling pipe.
[8]
Method according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cleaning unit (501) is placed in a container or other movable structure.
[9]
Cleaning unit (501) for drilling fluid in sampling bore, characterized in that the cleaning unit is placed in one or more containers or corresponding movable structures and the cleaning unit has - a connection (701) for feeding cleaned child / liquid into the cleaning unit, - at least two sludge bases (604, 605, 606, 607), where solid material contained in the drilling fluid is arranged to collect at the bottom of the basin as drilling fluid sludge, and that in the lower part of at least one sludge basin there is a valve arrangement (703) for removing said drilling fluid sludge containing solids from the sludge basin and between the sludge basins there is a transfer connection (610), which has an inlet end and an outlet end, for moving drilling fluid between sludge basins, and the outlet ends of the transfer connections are closer to the bottom of the sludge basins, and inlet in the last sludge basin in the series there is an outlet connection (61 1) for drainage removal of the cleaned drilling fluid from the cleaning unit.
[10]
The cleaning unit (501) according to claim 9, characterized in that drilling fluid sludge containing solid material, which has been passed through the valve arrangement (703), is arranged to pass through a filter arrangement (609) for the solid material to be removed.
[11]
The cleaning unit (501) according to claim 10, characterized in that the filter device (609) is removable to replace and clean or can be cleaned in place.
[12]
The cleaning unit (501) according to any one of claims 9-11, characterized in that there is a point in the bottom of the sludge basin (604, 605, 606, 607) which is lower than the rest of the bottom, and that the valve arrangement (703 ) is placed at this point.
[13]
Cleaning unit (501) according to any one of claims 9-12, characterized in that the drilling fluid separated from the drilling fluid sludge with the filter arrangement (609) is arranged to be transported back to the sludge basin (604, 605, 606, 607).
[14]
Cleaning unit (501) according to any one of claims 9-13, characterized in that under the sludge basin or sludge basins (604, 605, 606, 607) there is a lower basin (608), the drilling fluid filtered from the drilling fluid sludge with the filter arrangement ( 609) is arranged to collect and from which lower basin is arranged a transfer arrangement for transferring drilling fluid to the sludge basin. 10 15 20 25
[15]
The cleaning unit (501) according to any one of claims 9-14, characterized in that the cleaned drilling fluid fed into the first sludge basin is arranged to be fed through a nozzle (611), which nozzle has a neck part (803) and a curved flange side, and the curved flange part is arranged so that the liquid ﬂ fate substantially follows ﬂ the end part and solid material present in the liquid is separated from the flow.
[16]
The cleaning unit (501) according to any one of claims 9-15, characterized in that the outlet ends of the transfer connections (610) between the sludge basins are shaped to guide the drilling fluid substantially towards the bottom of the sludge basin.
[17]
Cleaning unit (501) according to any one of claims 9-16, characterized in that an ion-charged polymer mixture, ferrous sulphate, ferrous vitriol or any other chemical added to the drilling fluid, which assists in the separation of solids from the fluid, is provided the drilling fluid.
[18]
A cleaning unit (501) according to any one of claims 9 to 17, characterized in that it has an arrangement for feeding substances which assist the drilling process to the drilling fluid before the drilling fluid is returned to the drilling process.

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

ZA201308154B|2015-01-28|

NO20131441A1|2013-10-31|

US20140014589A1|2014-01-16|

SE541068C2|2019-03-26|

AU2012237227A1|2013-09-26|

FI20115311A|2012-10-01|

RU2576541C2|2016-03-10|

CA2830832A1|2012-10-04|

FI20115311A0|2011-03-31|

DK201370519A|2013-09-18|

CL2013002785A1|2014-05-23|

WO2012131146A1|2012-10-04|

RU2013145618A|2015-05-10|

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法律状态:

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

FI20115311A|FI20115311A|2011-03-31|2011-03-31|Procedure for the purification of drilling fluid used in sampling drilling in bedrock and purification unit|

PCT/FI2012/000019|WO2012131146A1|2011-03-31|2012-03-30|Method for cleaning drilling fluid in rock sampling drilling and a cleaning unit|

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